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On January 20, 2025, DeepSeek officially released DeepSeek-R1 and simultaneously open-sourced the model weights. According to third-party statistics, the number of daily active users of DeepSeek exceeded 20 million in just 20 days after its launch, and its daily active growth rate has exceeded that of ChatGPT, which was popular at the time.China's AI big model DeepSeek has exploded, frequently appearing on the hot search list at home and abroad, becoming the hottest new star in the technology industry. Some industry insiders pointed out that DeepSeek may be connected to China's domestically produced GPUs, which will have a positive driving effect on the development of China's GPUs. So will it also play a certain role in driving the PCB industry? Let's take a look at which industries have ushered in product upgrade opportunities due to the popularity of DeepSeek.After the phenomenal popularity of DeepSeek, both the company and the industry development will accelerateOn January 20, 2025, DeepSeek officially released DeepSeek-R1 and open-sourced the model weights. DeepSeek, ChatGPT and Le Chat have risen up, representing the technical strength of China, the United States and Europe respectively. ChatGPT's membership function may be daunting for most people, but DeepSeek's free and open source allows most ordinary people to get a free ticket. This is an AI feast for ordinary people, and DeepSeek has therefore received unprecedented popularity and support. Therefore, DeepSeek's explosion has caused a huge impact on the US AI industry. Previously, DeepSeek's excellent performance and computing power cost that is less than 1/20 of OpenAI caused Nvidia's stock price to plummet 17% overnight, and its market value evaporated by nearly 600 billion US dollars. This is the largest single-day drop in US stocks. On the same day, DeepSeek dealt a heavy blow to US technology stocks. In addition to Nvidia, companies such as Broadcom, TSMC, AMD and ASML all experienced varying degrees of decline. In addition, DeepSeek's strength has also caused concerns in some countries. For example, the U.S. Congress recently proposed the "Decoupling of U.S. Artificial Intelligence Capabilities from China Act by 2025". The main contents of the bill include: prohibiting Americans from advancing artificial intelligence capabilities in China, prohibiting the downloading or use of DeepSeek, otherwise it will be classified as a crime and sentenced to up to 20 years in prison. Subsequently, Italy announced that due to lack of information on the use of personal data by the artificial intelligence model DeepSeek, the agency has removed DeepSeek from the shelves; the French privacy regulator National Commission for Information Technology and Freedoms (CNIL) stated that the agency will question the Chinese startup DeepSeek; Australia stated that DeepSeek posed an "unacceptable risk" to government technology and the immediate implementation of the ban was to "protect Australia's national security and national interests." The reason why DeepSeek became popularAlthough DeepSeek once hit Nvidia's stock price hard, it is also based on Nvidia's high-performance computing chip training, and Nvidia's chip leadership is still unquestionable. However, DeepSeek's technological innovation still needs more powerful hardware support. When asked about the innovation points compared with traditional AI models, DeepSeek summarized the following points: l High performance and accuracy: DeepSeek uses advanced deep learning algorithms and large-scale data sets for training, which enables it to perform well in multiple application scenarios, such as natural language processing and image recognition. Its high accuracy and rapid response capabilities have won wide recognition from users.l Technological innovation: DeepSeek has made many innovations in model architecture and training methods, such as introducing more efficient neural network structures and optimization algorithms. These technological breakthroughs have significantly improved the performance and efficiency of the model.l Powerful hardware support: DeepSeek uses NVIDIA's high-performance GPUs (such as A100 and H100). These hardware provide powerful computing power, making the model training and reasoning process more efficient, further improving the user experience.l Wide range of application scenarios: DeepSeek not only performs well in academic research, but also shows great potential in commercial applications. Whether it is intelligent customer service, content recommendation, autonomous driving, or medical diagnosis, DeepSeek can provide strong support to meet diverse market needs. in conclusionIn the future,the AI advancement of high performance and accuracy may require more powerful computing power. At the same time, AI models such as DeepSeek are also actively cooperating with academia and industry to promote the rapid iteration and application of technology. I believe that in the near future, not only the AI industry, but also different industries such as industrial automation, pan-security, content filtering, medical imaging and signal processing, automated driving, and artificial intelligence will also be impacted by this wave, ushering in industrial iteration and upgrading. As the most basic hardware support, the PCB industry also needs to ensure efficient and stable data processing and transmission in order to meet the needs of various AI applications and usher in its own spring.

On January 20, 2025, DeepSeek officially released DeepSeek-R1 and simultaneously open-sourced the model weights. According to third-party statistics, the number of daily active users of DeepSeek exceeded 20 million in just 20 days after its launch, and its daily active growth rate has exceeded that of ChatGPT, which was popular at the time.China's AI big model DeepSeek has exploded, frequently appearing on the hot search list at home and abroad, becoming the hottest new star in the technology industry. Some industry insiders pointed out that DeepSeek may be connected to China's domestically produced GPUs, which will have a positive driving effect on the development of China's GPUs. So will it also play a certain role in driving the PCB industry? Let's take a look at which industries have ushered in product upgrade opportunities due to the popularity of DeepSeek.After the phenomenal popularity of DeepSeek, both the company and the industry development will accelerateOn January 20, 2025, DeepSeek officially released DeepSeek-R1 and open-sourced the model weights. DeepSeek, ChatGPT and Le Chat have risen up, representing the technical strength of China, the United States and Europe respectively. ChatGPT's membership function may be daunting for most people, but DeepSeek's free and open source allows most ordinary people to get a free ticket. This is an AI feast for ordinary people, and DeepSeek has therefore received unprecedented popularity and support. Therefore, DeepSeek's explosion has caused a huge impact on the US AI industry. Previously, DeepSeek's excellent performance and computing power cost that is less than 1/20 of OpenAI caused Nvidia's stock price to plummet 17% overnight, and its market value evaporated by nearly 600 billion US dollars. This is the largest single-day drop in US stocks. On the same day, DeepSeek dealt a heavy blow to US technology stocks. In addition to Nvidia, companies such as Broadcom, TSMC, AMD and ASML all experienced varying degrees of decline. In addition, DeepSeek's strength has also caused concerns in some countries. For example, the U.S. Congress recently proposed the "Decoupling of U.S. Artificial Intelligence Capabilities from China Act by 2025". The main contents of the bill include: prohibiting Americans from advancing artificial intelligence capabilities in China, prohibiting the downloading or use of DeepSeek, otherwise it will be classified as a crime and sentenced to up to 20 years in prison. Subsequently, Italy announced that due to lack of information on the use of personal data by the artificial intelligence model DeepSeek, the agency has removed DeepSeek from the shelves; the French privacy regulator National Commission for Information Technology and Freedoms (CNIL) stated that the agency will question the Chinese startup DeepSeek; Australia stated that DeepSeek posed an "unacceptable risk" to government technology and the immediate implementation of the ban was to "protect Australia's national security and national interests." The reason why DeepSeek became popularAlthough DeepSeek once hit Nvidia's stock price hard, it is also based on Nvidia's high-performance computing chip training, and Nvidia's chip leadership is still unquestionable. However, DeepSeek's technological innovation still needs more powerful hardware support. When asked about the innovation points compared with traditional AI models, DeepSeek summarized the following points: l High performance and accuracy: DeepSeek uses advanced deep learning algorithms and large-scale data sets for training, which enables it to perform well in multiple application scenarios, such as natural language processing and image recognition. Its high accuracy and rapid response capabilities have won wide recognition from users.l Technological innovation: DeepSeek has made many innovations in model architecture and training methods, such as introducing more efficient neural network structures and optimization algorithms. These technological breakthroughs have significantly improved the performance and efficiency of the model.l Powerful hardware support: DeepSeek uses NVIDIA's high-performance GPUs (such as A100 and H100). These hardware provide powerful computing power, making the model training and reasoning process more efficient, further improving the user experience.l Wide range of application scenarios: DeepSeek not only performs well in academic research, but also shows great potential in commercial applications. Whether it is intelligent customer service, content recommendation, autonomous driving, or medical diagnosis, DeepSeek can provide strong support to meet diverse market needs. in conclusionIn the future,the AI advancement of high performance and accuracy may require more powerful computing power. At the same time, AI models such as DeepSeek are also actively cooperating with academia and industry to promote the rapid iteration and application of technology. I believe that in the near future, not only the AI industry, but also different industries such as industrial automation, pan-security, content filtering, medical imaging and signal processing, automated driving, and artificial intelligence will also be impacted by this wave, ushering in industrial iteration and upgrading. As the most basic hardware support, the PCB industry also needs to ensure efficient and stable data processing and transmission in order to meet the needs of various AI applications and usher in its own spring.

 With the continuous advancement of technology, traditional desktop monitors can no longer meet the pursuit of modern people for efficient office and ultimate entertainment experience. Against this background, the new TYPE-C interface desktop monitor came into being, leading the new trend of future office and entertainment with its unique functions and design. Traditional desktop monitors mostly use USB interfaces. USB Type-C (USB-C) is a universal connection standard for device connection and charging. As the latest development of the USB interface, it includes reversible plug direction, higher data transfer rate and power output capability. In addition, USB Type-C can transmit audio and video signals and is compatible with various accessories such as monitors, external storage devices and chargers. Therefore, compared with traditional USB interfaces, USB Type-C interfaces have more advantages. The USB Type-C (USB-C) interface cable has video transmission function and has made major breakthroughs in charging technology. It cleverly converts the DC power of the monitor into PD protocol to provide power support for connected HOST devices such as laptops and Nintendo. This reverse 100W charging technology not only solves the trouble of users carrying multiple chargers, but also improves charging efficiency and safety, keeps the device at a low temperature while charging, and extends the battery life. PCB design requirements for TYPE-C interface  In PCB design, the design requirements and considerations of the TYPE-C interface are very important to ensure signal integrity, electrical performance, and reliability.Unlike traditional USB interfaces, USB Type-C can be inserted in any direction without worrying about the direction. USB Type-C supports higher data transfer rates, reaching the speed of USB 3.1 and Thunderbolt 3, for fast file transfer and video playback. USB Type-C can transmit audio and video signals and supports a variety of accessories such as monitors, external storage devices, and chargers. Signal IconThe USB Type-C connector has 24 pins. The two images below show the pinout of a USB Type-C receptacle and plug, respectively.  The USB Type-C connector has 24 pins. The two figures below show the pins of the USB Type-C receptacle and plug, respectively. 1.USB Type-C layout design● ESD and common-mode inductor components should be placed near the Type C interface in the following order: ESD → common-mode inductor → capacitor. Keep a certain distance from the Type C to consider the situation after welding.● The coupling capacitor of the TX signal line should be placed near the interface, while the coupling capacitor of the RX signal line is placed at the device end.   2. Interface wiring and signal integrityDifferential signal pair (such as TX/RX pair) wiring:The two signal lines of the differential pair (such as DP/DM, TX+/TX-) need to be wired with equal length, and the length difference is preferably controlled within 5 mil.The differential impedance is designed to be 90Ω±10%.Keep the spacing between differential pairs constant to avoid signal crosstalk.Trace length control:High-speed signal (such as USB3.1, USB4.0) routing should be as short as possible, and the recommended total length is less than 50 mm.The length difference of different signal paths should be as small as possible to reduce timing deviation.Via design:High-speed signals should avoid using vias as much as possible. If vias must be used, minimize the number of vias and use blind/buried vias.Place ground vias near vias to reduce impedance mismatch problems.Interlayer wiring reference ground:High-speed signal routing needs to have a continuous reference ground plane to avoid crossing the reference plane or breaking the reference plane. 3. Power supply and grounding designVbus power supply design:Vbus power supply design needs to ensure that it can provide sufficient current to meet the requirements of USB PD (Power Delivery).The power trace width should be calculated according to the current demand, and can be designed according to the standard of 1 A/1 mm.Place appropriate decoupling capacitors between Vbus and GND, and the recommended values are 0.1 µF, 1 µF, and 10 µF.GND design:Provide a good ground plane to ensure signal integrity and power stability.The metal part of the TYPE-C shell needs to be connected to the GND on the PCB through a low-impedance path to reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI). 3. Signal protection and EMC designESD protection circuit:Add ESD protection devices (such as TVS diodes) on signal lines such as D+/D-, TX+/TX-, CC1/CC2.The selection of TVS diodes must meet the requirements of high-speed signal transmission and have low capacitance (such as **<0.5 pF**).Filtering and decoupling:Add filter capacitors between the power line (Vbus) and the ground line (GND).Common-mode inductors can be added to high-speed signal traces to suppress differential-mode noise and common-mode noise.Shielding and grounding:The metal shell of the TYPE-C interface needs to be grounded.If the environment has strong EMI/EMC requirements, you can consider designing a shielding layer or shielding shell on the PCB board. 4. CC pin designCC pin function:The CC1 and CC2 pins of TYPE-C are responsible for role identification (UFP/DFP/DRP) and current detection.CC pins need to be connected to resistors (such as Rp, Rd or Ra) to support different working modes and power requirements.CC signal line traces should be kept short and wide to avoid coupling to other high-speed signal lines.5. PCB stacking and number of layersTYPE-C interfaces are usually used for high-speed signal design, and 4 or more layers of PCB are recommended:Top layer (signal layer): used for TYPE-C interface and key signal routing.Second layer (ground layer): provides continuous reference ground.Third layer (power layer): used for power distribution such as Vbus.Bottom layer (signal layer): other signal traces or backup designs. 6. Mechanical dimensions and installationEnsure that the mechanical dimensions of the TYPE-C interface match the package design specifications to avoid installation stress affecting solder joint reliability.The pad design of the TYPE-C interface must comply with IPC standards, and the pad size and position must be accurate to avoid cold soldering or false soldering.By strictly following these PCB design requirements, the reliability and performance of the TYPE-C interface in actual applications can be ensured.

 PCB (Printed Circuit Board) is an important electronic component, mainly composed of two types of materials: insulating substrate and conductor. It plays a supporting and interconnecting role in electronic equipment. Printed circuit boards can generally be divided into rigid circuit boards, flexible circuit boards, metal core PCBs, HDI boards and package substrates. PCB plays a vital role in many industries, including automotive electronics, communications, consumer electronics, computers, industrial control, medical equipment and aerospace. With the continuous expansion of the application scenarios of printed circuit boards, downstream products are constantly innovating. The demand for PCB market continues to grow, the market scale continues to expand, and the competition landscape is fierce and diversified. In 25 or more years in the future, with the continuous development of emerging technologies and the expansion of application fields, the PCB market will usher in more development opportunities and challenges.Since 2024, the development of the PCB industry has generally shown a trend of recovery and growth. According to Prismark's forecast, the global PCB output value will reach US$73 billion in 2024 and will grow to US$90.4 billion by 2028. With the rapid development of industries such as artificial intelligence, wearable devices and automotive electronics, the PCB market has ushered in new growth opportunities. In the first half of 2024, the performance of many PCB listed companies was outstanding, and they are expected to continue to benefit from the development of the industry in the future. The cyclicality of the PCB industry is affected by macroeconomic fluctuations. With the continuous development of the electronic information industry, the downstream application fields of the PCB industry are becoming more and more extensive, involving many fields such as communication electronics, consumer electronics, computers, automotive electronics, industrial control, medical devices, national defense and aerospace. In general, the PCB industry is less affected by the fluctuations of a single industry, and the macroeconomic fluctuations and the overall development of the electronic information industry have a greater impact on the industry.From a global perspective, the downstream application fields of the global PCB industry are extensive, and therefore less affected by a single downstream industry. The global output value of printed circuit boards showed an overall growth trend from 2014 to 2021. In 2021, the global printed circuit board market size is about US$80.449 billion. At present, China has become the world's largest PCB producer, accounting for more than 50% of the total output value of the global PCB industry. From the perspective of China, in 2020, the overall output value of the PCB industry in mainland China reached US$35.009 billion, accounting for 53.68% of the total output value of the global PCB industry; in 2021, the PCB market in mainland China grew rapidly, reaching US$43.616 billion, an increase of 24.59%. Among the subdivided products of printed circuit boards in my country, in 2020, multilayer boards accounted for the largest market share, about 44.86%; followed by flexible boards and HDI boards, with market shares of about 17.37% and 17.34%. The PCB industry is a basic industry for the manufacture of electronic information products and is greatly affected by cyclical fluctuations in the macro economy. At present, global printed circuit board manufacturing companies are mainly distributed in mainland China, Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, the United States, Europe and Southeast Asia. my country's PCB industry has become a large-scale production base in the world, and the impact of changes in the international political and economic environment on the domestic printed circuit board industry is becoming increasingly obvious.   The global PCB industry has recovered significantly and maintained a growth trend in the medium and long term. 2023 is a challenging year for the global PCB industry. The impact of weak demand, severe backlog of inventory, oversupply and price erosion runs through the entire industry. Global PCB production fell to only US$69.5 billion in 2023, a year-on-year decrease of 15.0%. Electronics Show learned that in the first half of 2024, due to improved inventory and gradual recovery of demand, the PCB industry began to show signs of recovery. Observing the current destocking speed and rhythm, it is expected to continue to improve by the end of the year. In the second half of 2024, the inventory of most subdivided application areas will be fully normalized. 2024 is a year of recovery. According to Prismark estimates, the overall PCB market will achieve positive growth, with output value expected to increase by about 5.0% year-on-year and area expected to increase by about 7.2% year-on-year. The higher growth in area relative to output value reflects the expected impact of continued price erosion. The Electronics Show learned that it is normal for the PCB industry to experience a cycle from strong growth to weak growth or even contraction. In the medium and long term, artificial intelligence, HPC, communication infrastructure, automotive electronics, portable smart consumer electronic devices with artificial intelligence capabilities, etc. are expected to generate incremental demand.Based on the low base in 2023, Prismark predicts that the PCB market will grow from US$69.5 billion in 2023 to US$90.4 billion in 2028, with a five-year compound annual growth rate of approximately 5.4%. Southeast Asia is expected to achieve a high growth rate in the next five years. China will continue to maintain its position as the industry's leading manufacturing center, but due to the product structure of China's PCB industry and some production transfers to Southeast Asia, Prismark predicts that China's PCB output value will have a compound growth rate of approximately 4.2% from 2023 to 2028, slightly lower than the global level. It is expected that China's PCB output value will reach approximately US$46.5 billion by 2028.Prismark predicts that all segments of the multilayer PCB market will grow, and it is expected to grow from US$26.5 billion in 2023 to US$32.5 billion in 2028, with a five-year CAGR of approximately 4.4%. The growth in the server/data storage sector is very strong, followed by military, wired infrastructure and automobiles. Multilayer boards occupy a major market position, and high-performance products will grow rapidly in the future. The Electronics Show learned that with the innovative development of industries such as AI, data centers, VR/AR, new energy vehicles and intelligent driving, downstream application fields have put forward higher requirements for the performance of PCBs, such as high frequency, high speed, high voltage, heat resistance, and low loss. According to Prismark's forecast, the global PCB output value will reach a compound annual growth rate of 5.4% from 2023 to 2028, and the global PCB output value will reach US$90.413 billion in 2028, among which 18+ multilayer boards, HDI, and packaging substrates will grow rapidly, and the compound annual growth rates from 2023 to 2028 are expected to reach 10%, 7.1% and 8.8% respectively. In terms of output value, multilayer boards are the main product category. In 2023, the output value of multilayer boards will reach US$26.535 billion, accounting for 38.2% of the total output value. In 2028, the output value of multilayer boards will reach US$32.483 billion, accounting for 35.9% of the total output value.